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###The post is actually migrated.

I have been looking that many books published with copyright notice like:

Copyright © by [abc] publication.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, copied, or stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the written permission of the copyright owner.

Now I want to know:

• How long this copyright last or sustain?
• How do I check if copyright is expired or not?
• Can books used as in public domain after expiration of copyright?

If a book doesn't have any copyright notice, then can it be used as if it were in the public domain?

Note: my concern is for scanned versions of books.

The post is actually migrated.

I have been looking that many books published with copyright notice like:

Copyright © by [abc] publication.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, copied, or stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the written permission of the copyright owner.

Now I want to know:

• How long this copyright last or sustain?
• How do I check if copyright is expired or not?
• Can books used as in public domain after expiration of copyright?

If a book doesn't have any copyright notice, then can it be used as if it were in the public domain?

Note: my concern is for scanned versions of books.

###The post is actually migrated.

I have been looking that many books published with copyright notice like:

Copyright © by [abc] publication.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, copied, or stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the written permission of the copyright owner.

Now I want to know:

• How long this copyright last or sustain?
• How do I check if copyright is expired or not?
• Can books used as in public domain after expiration of copyright?

If a book doesn't have any copyright notice, then can it be used as if it were in the public domain?

Note: my concern is for scanned versions of books.

###The post is actually migrated.

I have been looking that many books published with copyright notice like:

Copyright © by [abc] publication.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, copied, or stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the written permission of the copyright owner.

Now I want to know:

• How long this copyright last or sustain?
• How do I check if copyright is expired or not?
• Can books used as in public domain after expiration of copyright?

If a book doesn't have any copyright notice, then can it be used as if it were in the public domain?

Note: my concern is for scanned versions of books.

I have been looking that many books published with copyright notice like:

Copyright © by [abc] publication.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, copied, or stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the written permission of the copyright owner.

Now I want to know:

• How long this copyright last or sustain?
• How do I check if copyright is expired or not?
• Can books used as in public domain after expiration of copyright?

If a book doesn't have any copyright notice, then can it be used as if it were in the public domain?

Note: my concern is for scanned versions of books.

###The post is actually migrated.

I have been looking that many books published with copyright notice like:

Copyright © by [abc] publication.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, copied, or stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the written permission of the copyright owner.

Now I want to know:

• How long this copyright last or sustain?
• How do I check if copyright is expired or not?
• Can books used as in public domain after expiration of copyright?

If a book doesn't have any copyright notice, then can it be used as if it were in the public domain?

Note: my concern is for scanned versions of books.